Intambo yocingo, njengomthwalo obalulekileyo-icandelo lokuthwala kunye nothumelo, isetyenziswa kakhulu ekuphakamiseni oomatshini, iilifti, iibhulorho, imigodi, kunye nobunjineli baselwandle. Ukusebenza kwayo kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukhuseleko kunye nobomi benkonzo yesixhobo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba kubaluleke kakhulu ukusikhetha nokusigcina ngokuchanekileyo. Eli nqaku liza kuchaza imigaqo yokukhetha intambo yocingo, iintlobo eziqhelekileyo, izilumkiso zokusetyenziswa, kunye neendlela zokulondoloza.
I. Imigaqo yokuKhetha iintambo zocingo
Ukukhethwa kwentambo yocingo kufuna ukuqwalaselwa ngokubanzi kwendawo yokusebenza, iimeko zomthwalo, kunye neemfuno zokhuseleko. Okokuqala, i-diameter yentambo yocingo, ibakala lamandla, kunye nohlobo lwesakhiwo kufuneka lunqunywe ngokusekelwe kwiimeko zokusebenza zangempela. Umzekelo, ekuphakamiseni imisebenzi, iintambo zocingo kufuneka zimelane noxinzelelo olukhulu, ngoko ke amandla aphezulu -kunye nokunxiba{3}}imveliso ezixhathisayo ziyakhethwa. Kwizixhobo ezichanekileyo ezifana ne-elevators, ukuguquguquka kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kubaluleke kakhulu.
Okwesibini, ukukhethwa kweentambo zocingo kufuna ukuqwalaselwa kokumelana nokubola kwazo. Kwindawo efumileyo, yetyuwa{1}}tshiza, okanye kwindawo enomhlwa yikhemikhali, iintambo zocingo ezenziwe ngamagalvanized okanye zentsimbi engenastainless, zikhethwa ukuphucula ukuqina. Ukongeza, isalathiso sokulala (ekhohlo -isandla okanye sasekunene{4}}isandla) kunye nenani lemisonto (umz., 6×19, 6×37, njl.) yentambo yocingo ikwachaphazela ukuguquguquka kwayo kunye nokuxhathisa kwe-torsional, kwaye kufuneka ihambelane ngokwemeko yesicelo esithile.
II. Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zeNtambo yocingo
Intambo yocingo inokwahlulwa ibe ziindidi ezahlukeneyo ngokusekelwe kwisakhiwo sayo. Iindidi eziqhelekileyo ziquka:
I-6 × 19 intambo yocingo: Iqukethe iintambo ezi-6 zeengcingo zetsimbi ezili-19 ngentambo nganye. Inika amandla aphezulu kunye nokumelana nokunxiba kwaye ifanelekile ukuphakamisa jikelele kunye nokusebenza kokutsala.
Intambo yocingo ye-6 × 37: Kwakhona yakhiwe ngeentambo ezi-6, kodwa ngeengcingo zetsimbi ezingama-37 ngentambo nganye, inika ukuguquguquka okukhulu kwaye ifanelekile kwizicelo ezifuna ukugoba rhoqo, njengendlela yokunyusa i-elevators kunye ne-cranes.
Intambo yocingo eyenziwe ngesinyithi: Le ntambo yocingo inika amandla okumelana nomhlwa kwaye ifanele indawo engaphandle okanye efumileyo.
Intambo yentsimbi yentsimbi: Yenziwe ngentsimbi engatyiwayo, inika ukuxhathisa okugqwesileyo kokutya kwaye iqhele ukusetyenziswa kwizicelo ezizodwa ezifana neekhemikhali, ukutya, kunye noshishino lobunjineli baselwandle.
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeentambo zocingo ziyohluka kumthwalo-umthamo wokuthwala, ukuguquguquka, kunye nobomi benkonzo, ngoko ke inkqubo yokukhetha kufuneka iqwalaselwe ngononophelo ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno ezithile.
III. Izilumkiso zokuSebenzisa iiNtsontelo zocingo
Xa usebenzisa iintambo zocingo, gcina ngokungqongqo le migaqo yokhuseleko ilandelayo:
Kuphephe ukulayisha kakhulu: Iintambo zocingo zinomthwalo olinganiselweyo-nomthamo wokuthwala. Ngethuba lokusetyenziswa, qinisekisa ukuba umthwalo osebenzayo awudluli i-80% ye-rate yokuqhawula amandla okuthintela ukuphulwa ngenxa yomthwalo ogqithiseleyo.
Ukuthintela ukukrazuka kunye nokuQhutywa: Xa uqhuba iintambo zocingo kwiipuli okanye iidramu, qinisekisa ukuba i-radius yokugoba ihlangabezana neemfuno zokuthintela ukuphuka kweentambo ngenxa yokugoba okanye ukutyumza ngokugqithiseleyo.
Kulumkele ukuNxibelelana nezinto ezibukhali: Gcina iintambo zocingo zikude kwincam ezibukhali kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, faka izigqubuthelo ezikhuselayo ukuthintela ukusikeka nokugruzuka.
Gwema i-Kinking okanye i-Knotting: Gcina iintambo zocingo ngokuthe tye ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwaye ugweme i-kinking okanye i-knotting, njengoko oku kuya kuchaphazela kakhulu amandla kunye nobomi benkonzo.
IV. Iindlela zokuLungisa iiNtsontelo zocingo
Ukugcinwa kwenzululwazi kunokwandisa kakhulu ubomi benkonzo yeentambo zocingo. Amanyathelo angundoqo aquka:
Ukuhlolwa Rhoqo: Iintambo zocingo kufuneka zijongwe rhoqo ukujonga iingcingo ezaphukileyo, ukubola, ukurusa, okanye ukonakala. Ukuba inani leengcingo eziphukileyo lidlula imigangatho yokhuseleko, kufuneka zitshintshwe ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuthambisa kunye noLondolozo: Iintambo zocingo zihamba ngokuthe ngcembe ngenxa yokukhuhlana ngexesha lokusetyenziswa. Ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwegrisi ekhethekileyo yokuthambisa kunokunciphisa ukukhuhlana phakathi kweengcingo, ukulibaziseka ukuguga, kunye nokuthintela umhlwa.
Ukucoca Nokuthintela Umhlwa: Iintambo zocingo zifanele zigcinwe zicocekile yaye zingenawo ioli, ukungcola, okanye izinto ezidlekayo. Xa isetyenziswa kwindawo ezifumileyo, amanyathelo okuthintela umhlwa kufuneka athatyathwe, njengokutshiza irusi{1}}i-oyile ekhuselayo okanye ukusebenzisa iintambo zocingo.
UGcino oluLungileyo: Xa zingasetyenziswa, iintambo zocingo kufuneka zigcinwe kwindawo eyomileyo,{0}}engena umoya kakuhle ukunqanda ukudibana nezinto ezidlekayo. Ukujija okufanelekileyo kufuneka kusetyenziswe ukunqanda ukonakala okubangwa kukugcina{2}}ixesha elide.
Ukuqukumbela
Iintambo zocingo ngamacandelo okuthwala abalulekileyo-, kwaye ukukhetha kunye nokugcinwa kwazo kunempembelelo ngqo kukhuseleko lwezixhobo kunye nabasebenzi. Ubomi benkonzo kunye nokuthembeka kweentambo zocingo zingaphuculwa ngokufanelekileyo ngokukhethwa kwesayensi, ukusetyenziswa okusemgangathweni, kunye nokugcinwa rhoqo. Kwizicelo ezizizo, isicwangciso solawulo lweentambo zocingo esinengqiqo kufuneka senziwe ngokusekwe kwiimeko ezithile zokusebenza ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo nangempumelelo kuwo wonke umjikelo wobomi balo.
