Izixhobo zokuxhoma kunye nokuphakamisa zizixhobo ezibalulekileyo kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso, ulwakhiwo, kunye nolungiselelo. Ukuthembeka kwabo kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukhuseleko lokusebenza kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo, iinkampani ezininzi azikuhoyi ukugcinwa kwesiqhelo okanye ukusebenza ngendlela engafanelekanga, okukhokelela ekunxibeni kwangaphambi kwexesha kunye nokophuka kwezixhobo zokurhwaphiliza, kunye neengozi. Ukugcinwa kwenzululwazi akugcini nje ukwandisa ixesha lokuphila kwezixhobo kodwa kwakhona kunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo umngcipheko wokungaphumeleli. Eli nqaku lichaza ngokucwangcisiweyo amanqaku abalulekileyo okugcinwa kwezinto zokurhweba kunye nokuphakamisa izixhobo, kubandakanywa ukucocwa nokugcinwa, ukuhlolwa rhoqo, ukulawula ukugcinwa, kunye neenkqubo zokusebenza.
I. Ukucocwa kweMihla kunye noLondolozo oluSisiseko
Ukucoca ukurhweba kunye nezixhobo zokuphakamisa linyathelo lokuqala ekugcinweni. Emva kotyando, susa ukungcola okunje nge-oyile, uthuli, kunye nentsalela yekhemikhali kumphezulu wesixhobo, ngakumbi iindawo ezithanda ukonakala njengeentsontelo zocingo, iihuku kunye neepuli. Sebenzisa ilaphu elithambileyo okanye i-ejenti yokucoca ekhethekileyo ukuze usule, unqande imikrwelo kumphezulu wesinyithi. Izixhobo ezivezwe kukufuma ixesha elide, ezinje nge-port crane rigging, zifuna ingqwalasela eyodwa ekuthinteleni umhlwa: sebenzisa i-anti{3}}igrisi yokurusa emva kokucoca kwaye uqinisekise iimeko ezomileyo nezingena umoya. Ukongeza, khangela imisonto yeziqhagamshelo (ezinjengamakhamandela kunye ne-turnbuckles) ukukhululeka. Ziqinise ngesitshixo ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuze zingawi ngenxa yokungcangcazela.
II. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokuHlolwa kwamaLundi aPhambili
1. Intambo yocingo kunye ne-Sling
Iintsontelo zocingo ngowona mthwalo{0}}izinto zokuthwala zezixhobo zokuphakamisa. Umphezulu wazo kufuneka uhlolwe rhoqo ngeveki ukuba kukho iingcingo ezaphukileyo, ukuguga, ukudleka, okanye ukonakala. Ukuba i-strand enye ineengcingo ezingaphezulu kwe-5% okanye i-diameter yayo igugile ngaphezu kwe-10% yobukhulu bayo bokuqala, kufuneka itshintshwe ngokukhawuleza. Izilingi kufuneka zihlolwe ukuba akukho mithungo eqhekekileyo kunye nomthwalo ovezwayo -ezithwele ii-cores ukuthintela ukophuka ngenxa yomthwalo ogqithisileyo okanye umonakalo wokukhuhlana.
2. Iihuka kunye neePulleys
Umzimba wehuku, ikhola yehuku, kunye nekliphu yokhuseleko ziindawo eziphambili zokuhlola. Ukuba umlomo we-hook ukhubazekile, uqhekekile, okanye unxitywe ngaphezu kwe-10% (kubalwa ngokusekelwe kwicandelo elibalulekileyo), ikhonkco kufuneka isuswe kwinkonzo. Iibheringi zePulley kufuneka zithanjiswe rhoqo kwaye zihlolwe ukujikeleza kwamahhala. Ukuba i-groove igugile idlula i-20% yobukhulu bodonga, kufuneka itshintshwe ukuze ithintele intambo yocingo ukuba ingaxhuma okanye ilayishe ngokungalingani.
3. Iziqhagamshelo kunye neZixhobo zoKhuseleko
Izikhonkwane zokudibanisa ezifana neentambo kunye ne-eyebolts kufuneka zingabikho ukugoba okanye ukugqoka ngokugqithiseleyo, kwaye izikhonkwane ze-cotter kufuneka zifakwe ngokupheleleyo kwaye ziqiniswe. Izixhobo zokhuseleko ezifana nezithinteli kunye neziqhoboshi kufuneka zivavanywe inyanga nenyanga ukuba ziyasebenza na ukuqinisekisa ukuba zinokuwuvala ngokukhawuleza umbane xa kuthe kwakho umthwalo omninzi okanye iimeko ezingaqhelekanga.
III. Ulawulo loGcino kunye noLawulo lokusiNgqongileyo
Xa zingasetyenziswa, izixhobo zokurhweba kunye nokuphakamisa kufuneka zigcinwe kwindawo eyomileyo, epholileyo, kunye nendawo ekhethiweyo, kude nelanga elithe ngqo kunye nezinto ezidliwayo. Kucetyiswa ukuba iintsontelo zocingo zibhijelwe okanye zixhonywe zibe mcaba ukuthintela ukujijeka nokonakala. Iintambo zokuphakamisa kufuneka zisongwe kakuhle kwaye kude neendawo ezibukhali. Phambi-ugcino lwexesha elide, sebenzisa{4}}igrisi echasayo kwaye ugqume ngesigqubuthelo sothuli. Izixhobo ezisetyenziswa rhoqo kufuneka zibonelelwe ngeendlela ezilula zokukhusela phakathi kokusetyenziswa, njengokugquma ngeseyile.
IV. Iinkqubo zokuSebenza kunye noQeqesho lwaBasebenzi
Ukusebenza okungafanelekanga kuyimbangela enkulu yomonakalo wokukhwabanisa. Ngaphambi kokuba uphakamise, qinisekisa ukuba umthwalo awugqithisi umthwalo olinganisiweyo wesixhobo. Kuphephe ukutsala idiagonal, ukutsala, okanye ukuqhobosha ngesiquphe. Abanini-zithuthi kufuneka bafumane uqeqesho lobuchwephesha kwaye baqhelane nokusebenza kwezixhobo kunye neenkqubo zokulondolozwa. Umzekelo:
• Gcina isantya esingaguqukiyo ngexesha lokuphakamisa ukuphepha imithwalo yokothuka;
• Thambisa iindawo ezihambayo rhoqo (ezifana neebheringi zepuli kunye neendawo zegrisi zentambo zocingo);
• Vala ngoko nangoko kwaye ujonge nayiphi na ingxolo engaqhelekanga, ukungcangcazela, okanye ukukhululeka kwezinto.
Ukuqukumbela
Ukugcina izixhobo zokurhweba kunye nokuphakamisa yinkqubo ecwangcisiweyo efuna ukudibanisa ukugcinwa kwemihla ngemihla, ukuhlolwa rhoqo, kunye nokusebenza okusemgangathweni. Ngokuphumeza ngokungqongqo la manyathelo, iinkampani azinakuphucula kuphela ukuthembeka kwezixhobo kodwa zikwaqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi kunye nokuqhubekeka kwemveliso. Khumbula: ixabiso lolondolozo lothintelo lingaphantsi kakhulu kuneendleko zeengozi. Ulawulo lobuNzululwazi bokurhweba ubomi yinxalenye engundoqo yokhuseleko lwamashishini.
